Oman Real Estate Regulation Law
Royal Decree 79/2025Comprehensively regulates developers and projects, off-plan sales and project escrow accounts, common property and owners' associations, brokerage and valuation.
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Omani legal materials catalogue · Page 3 / 12
Omani legal materials: 121–180
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Oman Real Estate Registry Law
Royal Decree 56/2026 · repeals Royal Decree 2/1998Modernises legal registration of real estate, rights and transactions, strengthens the register's evidentiary function and provides for digital registration procedures.
Oman Urban Planning Law
Royal Decree 58/2026 · effective 26 May 2026Creates national and governorate development strategies, spatial, structural and detailed plans, land-use controls, infrastructure corridors and compliance with approved plans.
Oman Advocacy and Legal Consultancy Law
Royal Decree 41/2024 · effective 3 April 2025Separates the regulated regimes of advocacy and legal consultancy and establishes registers, admission, practice structures, professional duties, restrictions and discipline.
Executive Regulation of the Advocacy and Legal Consultancy Law
Ministerial Decision 66/2025 · effective 14 April 2025Details professional registers, training and examinations, advocacy and consultancy firms, foreign and international structures, duties, restrictions and fees.
Oman Oil and Gas Law
Royal Decree 8/2011 · as amendedEstablishes state control over oil and gas resources and the regime for concessions, exploration, production, transport, field protection, reporting and operator liability.
Oman Mineral Wealth Law
Royal Decree 19/2019 · amended by Royal Decree 69/2026Governs mineral exploration and exploitation, licences and concessions, quarry and mining areas, payments, reporting, resource protection and site rehabilitation.
Oman Environmental Protection and Pollution Control Law
Royal Decree 114/2001 · as amendedProvides the core regime for environmental permits, impact assessment and control, pollutants, inspections, remediation and liability.
Oman Food Safety Law
Royal Decree 84/2008Governs safety in production, import, storage, transport, circulation and labelling of food, as well as controls, sampling, withdrawal and liability.
Unified GCC Commercial Fraud Law in Oman
Royal Decree 54/2021Prohibits import, export, production, storage, transport, advertising and sale of fraudulent or spoiled goods and provides for recall, refunds, inspections and sanctions.
Oman Tourism Law
Royal Decree 69/2023Updates licensing of tourism establishments and activities, classification and operating requirements, supervision, complaints and administrative measures.
Oman Public Debt Law
Royal Decree 68/2023Establishes powers and procedures for state borrowing, debt instruments, guarantees, debt-portfolio management, the register and disclosure.
Executive Regulation of the Public Debt Law
Ministry of Finance Decision 231/2025 · effective 2 June 2025Details borrowing plans, issuance and management of debt instruments and guarantees, accounting, the register, risk, reporting and internal controls.
Oman Expropriation for Public Benefit Law
Royal Decree 71/2023Governs public-benefit designation, expropriation of real estate and rights, valuation, compensation, objections and transfer for a public project.
Oman Land Law
Royal Decree 5/1980 · as amendedDefines core categories and rules of land rights, management of state land and grounds for granting or recognising rights in Oman.
Real-Estate Ownership in Omani Integrated Tourism Complexes
Royal Decree 12/2006 · as amendedCreates a special regime for acquiring real estate in approved integrated tourism complexes, including foreign ownership and related project, registration and use rules.
Oman Telecommunications Regulatory Law
Royal Decree 30/2002 · as amendedGoverns licensing of communications networks and services, spectrum and numbering, access and interconnection, competition, user rights, supervision and sanctions.
Oman Electricity and Related Water Sector Law
Royal Decree 78/2004 · as amendedGoverns licensed generation, transmission, distribution, supply, import and export of electricity and related water, market structure and operator duties.
Regulation Governing Labour Authorisation and Work Permits
Ministerial Decision 602/2025 · amended by 44/2026 · effective 15 February 2026The current regulation governing an employer's authorisation to recruit non-Omani labour and a worker's permit to practise a specified occupation. It covers duration, categories, fees, temporary work, occupation changes, transfers, refunds and administrative penalties.
Work-Permit Regulation Amendment: Commencement Date
Ministerial Decision 44/2026 · published 25 January 2026A separately indexed amendment to Decision 602/2025 that set 15 February 2026 as the commencement date of the new work-permit regime.
Oman Wage Protection System
Ministerial Decision 729/2024 · effective 16 December 2024Requires private-sector wages to be monitored electronically and transferred through a bank or financial institution supervised by the CBO no later than three days after the end of the pay period.
Oman Social Protection Law
Royal Decree 52/2023 · amended by Royal Decree 60/2025Creates a unified framework of cash social benefits and insurance schemes covering old age, disability and death, employment injuries, employment security, maternity, sickness and other leave, and a provident scheme.
2025 Amendment to the Social Protection Law
Royal Decree 60/2025 · published 13 July 2025A separate instrument amending selected provisions of Royal Decree 52/2023, indexed in the version history for current-rights and obligations checks.
Executive Regulation of the Social Protection Law
Social Protection Fund Decision R/7/2023 · amendedDetails registration of employers, insured persons and beneficiaries, notifications, calculation and payment of contributions, benefits, pensions and compensation, and administrative penalties.
Social-Protection Regulation Amendment on Disability Benefit
Social Protection Fund Decision R/12/2024 · effective 28 October 2024Amends Articles 38, 40, 41 and 42 of the Executive Regulation, refining covered disabilities, functional assessment, reassessment and suspension of benefit.
Central Bank of Oman Statute
Royal Decree 3/2025 · issued and effective 1 January 2025 · Official Gazette 1578 (5 January 2025)Defines the CBO's legal personality, independence, objectives, functions, governance and powers. Its functions include monetary and exchange-rate policy, exclusive supervision of licensed activities, customer-protection rules, capital, risk and liquidity requirements, systemic-importance measures, bank-account rules, data and financial inclusion.
CBO Fintech Regulatory Sandbox Framework
CBO Fintech Regulatory Sandbox Framework · launched December 2020 · current CBO sandbox page reviewed 13 September 2026Creates a controlled environment for live testing innovative banking, payment and other financial solutions with volunteer customers. The CBO assesses product readiness, innovation, risks, customer protection, test boundaries, reporting and exit planning and may allow limited regulatory relaxations solely for the approved test.
Domestic Systemically Important Banks Framework for Oman
CBO D-SIB Framework · January 2015 · listed in the current CBO Laws & Regulations collection on 13 September 2026Sets an indicator-based method for identifying banks whose distress could materially affect Oman's financial system. Designated D-SIBs face enhanced measures including a capital surcharge, more stringent stress testing, a board-approved risk-appetite framework, recovery and resolution planning and focused supervisory engagement.
Bank Resolution Framework for Oman
CBO Bank Resolution Framework · approved by the CBO Board in 2018 · current CBO collection reviewed 13 September 2026Sets procedures for crisis preparedness, early intervention, recovery and orderly resolution of a bank or another CBO-licensed financial institution, aiming to preserve critical functions and financial stability while minimising public-fund support.
Islamic Banking Regulatory Framework
CBO Circular IB 1 · issued 18 December 2012 · retained in CBO's current Islamic-finance framework pageOrganises requirements for full-fledged Islamic banks and Islamic windows, including licensing, governance and Shari'ah supervision, accounting and audit, regulatory capital, credit, market, operational and liquidity risk, disclosure and CBO supervision.
Regulation on Islamic Banking Business
CBO Regulation BM/REG/56/4/2019 · issued December 2019 · effective on Official Gazette publicationUpdates binding rules for Islamic banking business, including licensing forms, Shari'ah governance, internal Shari'ah audit and control, charity accounts, accounting standards, external audit, disclosure and regulatory reporting.
High Shari'ah Supervisory Authority Regulation
CBO Regulation BM/REG/54/12/2013 · issued December 2013 · current CBO Islamic-finance page reviewed 13 September 2026Establishes and organises the CBO's High Shari'ah Supervisory Authority, defining its functions, membership, fit-and-proper criteria and operating arrangements. The Authority advises the CBO, considers Shari'ah compliance and resolves jurisprudential disputes between licensees' Shari'ah supervisory boards.
Financial Consumer Protection Regulatory Framework
CBO Circular BM 1184 · 29 December 2021Sets conduct rules and standards for products and services supplied to individuals and SMEs, including disclosure, fair treatment, marketing, contracts, complaints, confidentiality and senior-management accountability.
Rules for Licensed Institutions Using Cloud Services
CBO Circular BM 1185 · 8 May 2022Governs risk management when data and processes are outsourced to a cloud provider, including board and management responsibility, provider assessment, contracting, security, continuity, audit, regulatory access and exit.
CBO AML/CFT Instructions for Licensed Financial Institutions
CBO Circular BM 1187 / FM 38 / ME 37Binding instructions implementing Royal Decree 30/2016 through risk-based controls, CDD and beneficial ownership, enhanced due diligence, PEP controls, monitoring, suspicious-transaction reporting, record keeping, governance, training and independent review.
Digital Onboarding and Electronic KYC Instructions
CBO Circular BM 1191 · 6 June 2023Governs digital customer onboarding, including eligible categories and services, identification and verification through the Mala'a national registry, consent, signing, liveness/biometrics, risk profiling, evidence retention and fraud controls.
CBO Cyber Security and Resilience Framework
CBO Circular BM 1194A unified cyber-risk framework covering governance and roles, asset inventory and protection, access and identity, secure development, third parties, monitoring, response, recovery, testing and CBO reporting.
CBO Circular on the 2023 National Risk Assessment
CBO RD/AMLD/2023/114 · 12 September 2023Notifies supervised institutions that the National Committee adopted the assessment of money-laundering, terrorist-financing and proliferation-financing risks, and directs them to reflect national findings in institutional risk assessments and apply enhanced measures to high risks.
Registration of Money Exchange Companies with the NCFI
CBO RD/AMLD/2023/106 · 10 August 2023Directs licensed money exchange companies that buy and sell currencies to register in the NCFI reporting system and describes the initial account request through the designated reporting officer.
Opening Bank Accounts for Social Protection Beneficiaries
CBO RD/AMLD/2023/80 · 16 July 2023Directs banks to facilitate account opening for social-protection beneficiaries through branches and non-face-to-face channels and describes operational measures including dedicated counters and mobile banking units.
Guidelines for Providing Financial Information to the Public Prosecution
CBO RD/AMLD/2023/19 · 16 March 2023Establishes a common mechanism for financial institutions to provide information to the Public Prosecution in AML/CFT matters, including appointment of a focal point and submission of that person's details to the CBO unit.
Circular on the Sector Risk Assessment for Banks and FLCs
CBO AML/CFT/2023/8 · 31 January 2023 · assessment performed during 2022Notifies banks and finance and leasing companies of key threats and vulnerabilities derived from the 2022 sector assessment and directs them to update institutional AML/CFT risk assessments for new and emerging risks.
Circular on the Sector Risk Assessment for Money Exchange Establishments
CBO AML/CFT/2023/10 · 31 January 2023Notifies money exchange establishments of key threats and vulnerabilities identified by the sector assessment and directs them to reflect those findings when updating their own AML/CFT risk assessments.
CBO Beneficial Ownership Guidelines
CBO AML/CFT/2022/310 · 29 December 2022Explains Omani legal-person forms, misuse risks involving corporate structures and reasonable measures to identify and verify beneficial owners and understand the nature of control.
Guideline Manual for Accounts of GCC-National Non-Resident Customers
CBO AML/CFT/CB/2022/140 · 30 June 2022 · GCC central-bank governors' approval of 29 March 2022Transmits the GCC-approved approach for opening accounts for GCC nationals who are not resident in the account-opening state and sets a time-limited quarterly reporting process to the CBO.
Monitoring of Cash Withdrawals through ATMs
CBO AML/Banks/2022/273 · 22 December 2022Requires banks to maintain appropriate monitoring of cash withdrawals through their ATMs, particularly withdrawals using cards issued by foreign financial institutions, in light of repeated-transaction typologies and AML/CFT risks.
Resolution No. 3/2022 on Identifying High-Risk Jurisdictions
NCAMLCTF Resolution 3/2022 · issued 28 April 2022 · CBO circular AML/CFT/CB/2022/103 of 7 June 2022Sets the National Committee's approach to high-risk jurisdictions and enhanced due diligence; the CBO circulated the resolution to supervised institutions for compliance.
Transaction Monitoring and Suspicious Transaction Reporting Guidelines
CBO AML/CFT/CB/2022/266 · 6 December 2022Provides benchmarks for supervised institutions to assess transaction-monitoring and STR frameworks against Royal Decree 30/2016 and CBO instructions, highlighting sound practices and common weaknesses.
Guidelines on Implementing Targeted Financial Sanctions
NCCT Targeted Financial Sanctions Guidelines · implements Decision 01/2022 · PDF date not statedExplains asset freezing, the prohibition on making funds available, screening against national and UN consolidated lists, NCCT notification, delisting and authorised access to frozen assets under Decision 01/2022.
Decision No. 01/2022 on Procedures for Implementing UN Security Council Resolutions
NCCT Decision 01/2022 · issued 22 December 2022 · effective the day after Official Gazette publicationIssues procedures for implementing Chapter VII UN Security Council resolutions concerning terrorism, terrorist financing and proliferation financing; it expressly repeals Decision 1/2021 and inconsistent provisions.
Good and Poor AML/CFT Practices for Banks, FLCs and PSPs
CBO BED/Banks/FLCs/PSPs/2021/Gen-058/112 · 20 April 2021 · companion guidance dated April 2021Consolidates CBO thematic-review observations, recurring weaknesses and recommended practices for an effective risk-based financial-crime control framework.
Good and Poor AML/CFT Practices for Money Exchange Establishments
CBO BDD/MEE/AML/2021/2043 · 20 April 2021 · companion guidance dated April 2021Explains practical AML/CFT controls, compliance culture and internal control for money exchange establishments and includes practices relevant to international money-services businesses.
AML/CFT Quality Assurance Function for Banks
CBO BED/Banks/2021/Gen-108/220 · 9 September 2021Calls for an independent Quality Assurance Function reporting to the Head of Compliance to review the AML/CFT framework, data, processes and controls on an ongoing basis, identify deficiencies and support remediation.
Onboarding Micro-Businesses for E-Payment Acquiring
CBO PSD/Banks-PSPs/2021/003 · 10 January 2021Permits licensed banks and PSPs to onboard defined micro-business entities for e-payment acquiring under a board-approved KYC policy, risk assessment and CBO-approved payment channel.
PEP Identification and Customer Due Diligence Guidelines
CBO BDD/AML/2021/2900 · 17 November 2021 · PEP_V1Standardises a minimum indicative approach to identifying and classifying PEPs and persons with prominent public functions, enhanced due diligence, ongoing monitoring, family members, close associates and accounts where a PEP is the ultimate beneficial owner.
Circular on Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers
CBO BDD/AML/CB/2020/4480 · 30 December 2020Highlights financial, operational, legal, consumer, cyber and AML/CFT risks arising from virtual assets and directs supervised institutions to identify customer exposure and apply enhanced due diligence where risk is elevated.
AML/CFT Off-Site Surveillance Framework for Money Exchange Establishments
CBO BDD/MES/AMLCFT/2019/389 · 27 January 2019Introduces AML/CFT data collection and a controls questionnaire for off-site risk assessment of money exchange establishments and risk-based prioritisation of supervisory resources.
AML/CFT Off-Site Surveillance Framework for Banks and FLCs
CBO Circular BM 1156 · 26 August 2018Establishes a data return and controls questionnaire to identify, understand and assess ML/TF risks in banks and finance and leasing companies and support risk-based CBO supervision.
Simplified KYC for Mobile Wallets and Prepaid Cards
CBO BDD/CBS/CB/2018/5942 · 20 December 2018Allows banks to design mobile-wallet and prepaid-card products using simplified KYC under a board-approved policy, prior risk assessment and suitable mitigating controls.
Whistleblowing Channel for Unlicensed Banking and Payment Activity
CBO Circular BM 1196 · 4 October 2023Introduces an anonymous CBO channel through which the public, market participants and licensed institutions may report suspected unlicensed banking or payment activity.