1. The court may, at any stage of the proceeding, pose to the witnesses any question it deems necessary to reveal the truth and may permit the litigants to do the same. 2. The court shall prevent any questions posed to the witnesses if they are irrelevant to the case or unacceptable. 3. Moreover, the court shall protect the witness from any explicit or implicit statements, as well as any sign that may confuse their thoughts or frighten them. 4. The court may decide against hearing the testimony of witnesses on facts that are deemed clear enough.
Interpretation and application must be checked against the official text and current version.