1. Liability attaches to the possession of property taken until it is returned. 2. Whoever usurps property belonging to another shall be obligated to return it to them in the condition it was in at the time of usurpation and at the place where usurpation occurred. If the property is consumed, destroyed, lost, or damaged as a result of their trespass or without any trespass on their part, they shall be liable to return the equivalent thereof or its value assessed as of the day and place of usurpation. They shall also be liable for its benefits and accretions. 3. If a third party destroys the usurped property while it is in the possession of the usurper, the party from whom the property was usurped shall have the choice either to hold the usurper liable, in which case the usurper shall have recourse against the destroyer, or to hold the destroyer liable, in which case the latter shall have no right of recourse against the usurper. 4. If the usurper disposes of the usurped property, whether for consideration or gratuitously, and the usurped property is destroyed in whole or in part in the possession of the person to whom the usurper disposed thereof, the party from whom the property was usurped shall have the choice to hold either of them liable. If they hold the usurper liable, the usurper’s disposition shall be valid. If they hold the person to whom the usurper disposed of it liable, that person shall have the right of recourse against the usurper in accordance with the provisions of the law. 5. A usurper of a usurper is governed by the same rules as a usurper. If a usurper of a usurper returns the usurped property to the first usurper, they alone are discharged. If they return it to the party from whom it was usurped, both they and the first usurper are discharged. 6. If the usurped property is destroyed or damaged in the possession of a usurper of a usurper, the party from whom it was usurped has the option to hold the first usurper liable or the second usurper liable. If they hold the first usurper liable, that usurper has the right of recourse against the second. If they hold the second liable, the second usurper shall have no right of recourse against the first. 7. The court may, in all cases, rule that the usurper award compensation if it sees justification for it.
Interpretation and application must be checked against the official text and current version.