1.A claim of forgery may be made against formal and informal instruments, while the denial of handwriting, signature stamp, signature or fingerprint may be made only against informal instruments. 2.The litigant who claims forgery shall bear the burden of proving his claim. However, if a litigant denies issuing the informal instrument or his successor or representative deny the same or denies knowing of such instrument, his opposing party shall bear the burden of proving that it has been issued by him or his successor. 3.If a litigant affirms the veracity of a signature stamp affixed to the informal instrument but denies that he has affixed the same to the instrument, he shall raise a claim of forgery.
Interpretation and application must be checked against the official text and current version.