1.A formal instrument shall be legally valid vis-à-vis all people in terms of all actions recorded therein performed by its writer within the limits of his mandate, or signed by the persons concerned in his presence, unless it is proven to be a counterfeit by the legally prescribed means. 2.The content mentioned by any person concerned in the formal instrument shall be legally valid vis-à-vis such person concerned, unless proven otherwise.
Interpretation and application must be checked against the official text and current version.