+7 (495) 221 31 46Discuss a matterLegal and tax navigator
Practical route through an international financial center: company registration, tax residency, foreign income, bank account and regional activities.
Legal and business review
Before registration, the functions of the company in the group, the place of decision-making, markets, contracts, personnel, licenses, taxes and payments are determined. The Certificate of Incorporation itself does not create tax residency or guarantee a bank account.
Singapore is a common law jurisdiction with a developed judicial and arbitration infrastructure. The corporate register is maintained by ACRA, taxes are administered by IRAS, and banks, payment services and capital markets are regulated by MAS.
Corporate income tax applies at a rate of 17% to chargeable income; General and starting exemptions are available if conditions are met. Tax residence is determined by the place of control and management, and not just by registration. GST is 9% on taxable transactions of registered persons.
Open detailed section →Income arising in Singapore and certain foreign income arising in Singapore are analyzed separately. For foreign dividends, branch profits and service income, a tax resident may be exempt if the statutory conditions are met. Treaty benefits require Singapore tax residence and Certificate of Residence.
A typical private company limited by shares is registered through Bizfile. An approved name, Singapore registered office, at least one shareholder and one resident locally director are required; The company secretary is appointed no later than six months.
Open detailed section →The company maintains corporate records and registers, submits annual returns, reflects registrable controllers, nominee directors and nominee shareholders. The board process must confirm real management, especially if the company claims tax residency and treaty benefits.
Open detailed section →Shortlist may include DBS, OCBC, UOB, Standard Chartered, HSBC, Citi and other institutions from the MAS Financial Institutions Directory. The bank checks UBO, business purpose, markets, contracts, source of wealth/funds, expected turnover and connection with Singapore.
Open detailed section →Variable Capital Company can be used for investment funds with separate sub-funds, but requires an appropriate fund-management and regulatory model. Family office, fund exemptions and incentive regimes are checked by eligibility, assets, professionals, spending and ongoing conditions.
Open detailed section →Private attraction through shares, convertible instruments, notes or fund interests is designed under the Securities and Futures Act. Exempt-offer route for institutional or accredited investors does not mean free public advertising: the status of recipients, legends, transfer restrictions, MAS licensing of intermediaries and the rules of each country where the investor is located are checked.
The Payment Services Act separates regulated payment services and license classes. Digital payment token, e-money, merchant acquisition, cross-border transfer and account issuance require separate perimeter analysis; the technology platform does not exclude licensing.
Open detailed section →Hiring a foreigner involves employment contract, work pass, payroll, personal tax and requirements for the employer. For tax substance, what matters is the actual functions, competencies, expenses and powers of the Singapore team.
Open detailed section →For a regional HQ or trading company, the place of conclusion and execution of contracts, transfer pricing, customs, GST, permanent establishments, export controls and functions in the value chain are checked.
Open detailed section →The Personal Data Protection Act regulates the collection, use, disclosure, security, retention and transfer of personal data. Before launch, purposes, consent/exception, data intermediaries, overseas transfer safeguards and incident response are determined.
Open detailed section →Brand, software, technology, content and know-how are collected into a portfolio of trademarks, patents, designs, copyright and trade secrets. Before entering the market, the ownership chain, filing strategy, employee/contractor IP, licenses and enforcement evidence are checked.
Open detailed section →Singapore courts, SIAC arbitration and Singapore International Commercial Court give different routes. The contract pre-fixes the governing law, seat, institution, language, interim relief and execution where the assets are located.
Open detailed section →Solutions for international business
The legal system and corporate law determine which vehicle can be formed, how assets are controlled, which licences are required and whether the structure is bankable.
We select an LLC, corporation, partnership, branch, holding or special vehicle and prepare constitutional documents, governance, UBO and approvals.
We compare control, asset ownership, beneficiaries, succession, tax, substance and bankability.
We select an institution for the relevant countries and flows, prepare ownership, business model and source-of-wealth/funds files, and support onboarding.
We classify banking, payment, investment, fund, insurance and other regulated functions and design the licensing and compliance route.
Formation, licensing and account opening remain subject to the decision of the relevant authority, regulator or financial institution.
Discuss an international structureInternational tax expertise
A headline rate is only the beginning. Test the full life cycle before choosing a company, fund, bank or place of management.
New rules, effective dates and transition provisions.
Rates, base, special regimes, minimum tax and sector rules.
Management, agents, premises, people, construction and services.
VAT/GST, sales tax, customs, excise, property and registration charges.
Recognition, depreciation, interest, provisions and loss relief.
Consolidation, intra-group transfers, M&A, financing and exit.
Eligibility, real activity, people, expenditure and preservation of relief.
Dividends, interest, royalties, services, capital gains and branch remittance.
Related parties, arm’s length, documentation, DEMPE and treaty entitlement.
Registration, returns, deadlines, audits, penalties, objections and litigation.
Presence days, domicile, permanent home, centre of interests and treaty tie-breakers.
Employment, director fees, business, investments and property.
Allowances, reliefs, pension and insurance contributions.
Capital gains, wealth, property, inheritance and gift taxes.
Foreign tax credit, exemption, treaties and residence certificates.
Returns, instalments, notifications, foreign assets and sample computation.
The outcome depends on the facts, source, residence, applicable treaty and law in force on the transaction date.
Primary sources
Open the regulator and tax-authority documents supporting the country overview. Applicability is tested separately for each transaction.
Banking support
We will compare the business model with licensed institutions, prepare ownership, source of wealth/funds and payment map. The decision is made by the financial institution.
Discuss opening an accountThe information is general in nature, does not constitute legal or tax advice and should be verified as of the date of the specific transaction.